H.W Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

H.W - Essay Example The social conflict in the novel is seen both at the individual level and at the common level; at the mutual level, the social qualities and customs of the Ibo individuals, for example, their customary arrangement of administration and ceremonial rights are significantly subverted by the appearance of the Europeans. The yearly service out of appreciation for the earth divinity among the Ibo individuals, when the clan’s predecessors that had been â€Å"committed to Mother Earth at their passing (Achebe 186)† would develop as â€Å"egwugwu† from minuscule subterranean insect gaps is one of the Ibo’s hallowed ceremonies that was tested by Christianity. Okonkwo, Achebe’s most disastrous character, unmistakably shows the social conflict at the individual level, when he out properly opposes the new political and strict request presented by the Europeans since he saw them not to be masculine enough for the Ibo individuals. The Ibo culture puts high respect on close to home accomplishment and manliness, characteristics which were extraordinarily contradicted to the Christian estimations of equity surprisingly, regardless of their sex and individual accomplishments. Achebe’s celebrated opening line â€Å"Okonkwo was notable all through the nine towns and even be yond† obviously clarifies Okonkwo’s acclaim which, in Achebe’s words, â€Å"rested on strong individual achievements† (Achebe 1). Okonkwo’s self-esteem goes under extraordinary assault by the presentation of the new strict and political request by the Europeans, especially on the grounds that his personality was significantly pegged on the Ibo social norm. The Europeans’ misguided judgments of the Ibo individuals are plainly communicated through Reverend Smith’s reactions of the Africans. In contrast to his forerunner Mr. Earthy colored, Reverend Smith straightforwardly censures the African social customs and qualities by naming them brutal and rapscallion; he wants to endure and oblige the African ceremonies and social practices. Mr. Earthy colored

Assessing the Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on the Economy Essays

Surveying the Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on the Economy Essays Surveying the Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on the Economy Essay Surveying the Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on the Economy Essay Division of modern relations and open organization Lagos state college, Ojo, Nigeria.. Theoretical The system of banking segment changes prompting recapitalization and union in Nigeria and the resulting merger or potentially procurement of existing banks into twenty five (25) by 2005, and later eighteen (18) by 2012 brought along their path orderly work issues regarding instructive assorted variety, employer stability and efficiency, not too bad business questions.The study survey post solidification execution of the financial part to evaluate the degree to which the area meets union target utilizing post advancement approach. It was discovered that while the coalition and marriage of apparently good accomplices are settling down, the general public is forced to bear the severance of work and the augmentation of the pool of saved armed force of the jobless. The drop out accordingly is twofold edge for the economy and the general public. Watchwords: Labor changes, recapitalization, co mbination and post advancement 1. 0Introduction Private and open organizations are persistently being tested by execution. Execution achievement is insignificant estimated on the records of what Alos (2006) classified as: what the client needs and qualities, reaction to ecological changes and effect on the nature of the individuals. The issue of execution viability or reengineering association has distracted the brains of association specialists, scientists and watchers since 1990s. Subsequently, everywhere throughout the world, numerous economies had completed different changes to guarantee adequacy of the 166 European Scientific JournalMay version vol. 8, No. 9 ISSN: 1857 †7881 (Print) e ISSN 1857-7431 genuine areas. The exhibition transformation began in the private segment. Its belongings spread to the open area affected by thoughts from open administration school. Nigeria as a country isn't forgotten about in this change upheaval to guarantee personal satisfaction for its populace. Legitimate and institutional systems were set up to re-engineer the economy and the exhibition estimations of the genuine segments. The blue print of the present changes motivation is set out in the National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy (NEEDS) document.Some of the changes incorporate (1)power area change; (2) ports changes intended to guarantee convenient freeing from merchandise inside forty eight hours (3) deregulation of oil and gas sub-segment to prevent enduring fuel shortage; (4) deregulation in the media transmission industry to lessen government cooperation, make work and business (5) the financial sub-division/recapitalization/union to make it assume its legitimate job as the predominant segment of the economy in driving development and improvement in other segment. The present financial division changes subtitled as recapitalization approach was given out on Tuesday July 6, 2004.Capitalization is setting the capital base whereupon a player can s et up and be authorized to work banking capacities. It is setting a capital base which was given as twenty five billion naira (N25b) as at 2005. The previous capital base was two billion Naira (N2b), which numerous banks couldn't manage. In Nigeria, exact examinations had been done on the connection between banking changes and financial development (Balogun, 2007, Fadare, 2010); solidification and full scale monetary execution (see Somoye, 2008); combination and reception of e-banking (Ayo, Adewoye and Oni 2010; Chimeke, Evwiekpaefe, and Chete, 2006).The ramifications of banking changes on work has hardly been investigated. The primary goal of this examination is to audit the financial area changes 2004 †2011 and the degree to which the destinations set are met and furthermore, the ramifications of the changes on work as respects business: security, conventional business, employees’ fulfillment and the results of these factors for the general public. 2. 0 Literature Revi ew and Theoretical Framework Consolidation essentially intends to expand on or improve to the degree of dependability Adeyemi (2007) considers it to speak to the possibility of speculation and the meeting up of firms or undertakings as a solitary entity.In the financial area of Nigeria the pith of banking solidification 167 European Scientific Journal May release vol. 8, No. 9 ISSN: 1857 †7881 (Print) e ISSN 1857-7431 is to reposition the countries banking industry for worldwide seriousness and furthermore to guarantee a solid and dependable financial division that will ensure the security of the depositors’ cash. Combination as a methods for diminishing over limit is far fetched (Somoye 2008).The adequacy of banking segment union as a solution for money related strength and in adjusting the imperfections in the monetary area for practical improvement had not been certified by comparable exercise in Europe, America and Asia in the most recent decade (Somoye, 2008). Or ma ybe, emergencies and disappointments as delineated by credit emergencies and transoceanic home loan budgetary disturbance emitted which, in Nigeria, truly influenced put away cash esteems explicitly, stock values.Rather than rebuilding prompting decrease in over limit as showed by combination theological rationalists, an improvement system that would oblige the assets accessible and extend them is pushed by inside instigated solidification defenders. The financial sub-division in Nigeria saw sharp drop in credit rate to the genuine area which influenced return on shareholders’ support (Adeyemi, 2007). Credit went more to outside trade instead of the genuine segments. The limit of genuine division to produce business weakened.The access of little and medium ventures (SMES) and the casual areas to credit additionally dwindled (Somoye, 2008; NDIC, 2008; CBN, 2008). Organizing to the business analysts is adjusting to the requests of progressively worldwide markets for more notewo rthy efficiencies. Humanist consistently see the social effect, explicitly the social issues caused by externalities which brings about social interruption particularly the negative impacts on level of professional stability, duty, mental prosperity and turnover intentions.The impact of these on association proficiency, as opposed to reformist hypothesis might be negative. Matanmi (2005) saw a yawning hole between the quick or momentary impacts of monetary changes and the essential goals of professional stability. He inferred that the capacity of changes to make work over the most recent multi decade had been not very many and far between. Adeyemi (2007) additionally concurred that financial changes in Nigeria brought about occupation misfortune, difference level of pay and compensation bundle for various consolidating gatherings and board room quarrels among factions of the combining banks. . 1 Theoretical Framework Post improvement approach is a response to the dilema of advanceme nt. Rather than wealth, talk and systems of advancement produce its inverse: underdevelopment and 168 European Scientific Journal May release vol. 8, No. 9 ISSN: 1857 †7881 (Print) e ISSN 1857-7431 impoverishment, untold abuse and suppression. (Sidaway 2008). The post improvement theological rationalist case that change realized by advancement or driven by the west would constantly meet with thwarted expectation with respect to the individuals of creating nations. 2. 2Banking Sector Reforms in Nigeria Banking tasks started in 1892 claimed fundamentally by exiles (Somoye, 2008). They remained anyway unregulated until 1952 (Fadare, 2010). There were extensions with indigenous possession by 1950s. Nonetheless, a large number of the banks flopped somewhere in the range of 1947 and 1952. The main guideline of banks was set up by Banking Ordinance of 1952. This was incapable as there was no Central Bank until 1958 to do regulating or control measures. Bank possession structure moved by 1970s with indigenization order. This permits increasingly Nigerian interest in the banking industry.The Nigerian endeavors advancement Decree (NEPD) limits outside responsibility for organizations to 60% in 1972 and 40% in 1976. The 1990’s change considered 100% individual possession which was a move from existing 10% for singular proprietorship and 30% for corporate possession. This prompted the expansion of banks. Banking sub part recapitalization approach was given out on Tuesday, July 6, 2004. Capitalization is setting the capital base whereupon a player can set up and be authorized to work banking capacities. Recapitalization is setting another capital base.The embodiment is to merge the part to upgrade intensity and ability to assume significant job of financing venture (Somoye, 2008). Solidification which may bring about increment in bank size through merger and securing has the capability of expanding bank returns through increment income and cost proficiency gain s. It might likewise decrease industry hazards through the disposals of powerless banks and make better broadening chances (Furlong, 1998). Recapitalization arrangements set twenty five billion Naira (N25b) as the new least capital base for banks working in Nigeria.The previous capital base was two billion naira (N2b) and numerous banks couldn't meet this. The goal of recapitalization is caught in the legislative leader of Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Charles Soludos words therefore the financial change is to: (1) reposition the countries banking industry for worldwide intensity; (2) guarantee a solid and dependable financial area that will ensure the wellbeing of the contributors cash; (3) assume dynamic advancement job in the nations’ economy; 169 European Scientific Journal May release vol. 8, No. 9 ISSN: 1857 †7881 (Print) ISSN 1857-7431 (4) (5) make the banks less subject to open segment subsidize, and be equipped for financing the genuine part (New Age Apri17, 200 5). A period

ICT and the Law - Free Essay Example

ICT and the Law 1.Cybercrime in the UK: Cybercrime, is a growing problem for law enforcement agencies worldwide; what actions can be taken against such criminal activity in the UK and are there any implications regarding an individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s rights? Cybercrime, or à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"computer misuseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, is defined by the Computer Misuse Act 1990 as recently amended by the Police and Justice Act 2006 as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"unauthorised access to computer materialà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. A person is deemed to be guilty of this crime if they have carried out activities to gain access to data without permission and they have done this with full knowledge and intent. Due to recent technological advancements that have enabled the world to become a more efficient and dynamic place, there has simultaneously been a rise in reported cyber crime in the UK and across the globe (Prasad, 2004). In addition, it has been said that there has been a shift from financial h acking to the access of sensitive business and government data with the view to blackmail and extort (BBC News, 2015). This essay is going to discuss what can be done to fight against the growing issue of cyber crime as well as assess the dangers it poses to individuals and their rights. As previously stated, cyber crime is anything that involves a computer and a network. It can range from financial scams, pornography or spreading a virus in a chain of emails (BBC News, 2015). Initially, financial gain appeared to be the motivating factor, however, more and more examples of stalking, extremist sites and politically centered attacks are being detected (Wold and Shrivers, 1990). Once more, in 2010 it was found that cyber crime targeting mobile phone devices had increased by nearly 50% (FT.com, 2011). It would seem that criminals have spotted the growth in mobile gaming, communication and applications in order to integrate and mask their scams and ultimately gain access to individua lsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ private information. In 2014, several celebrities had their social media sites such as Instagram and Twitter hacked alongside their iCloud accounts through the form of phishing. These areas held personal information about and images of themselves (BBC, 2014). Many were threatened and blackmailed by the perpetrators to ultimately have the images leaked anyway. This is a prime example of the breach of an individualsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ right to private life as detailed in the European Convention on Human Rights Article 8. Once more, it also demonstrates its ability to cause reputational damage to an individual or an organisation; often a key motivator for these types of attacks (McQuade, Colt and Meyer, 2009). One of the main strategies that can be adopted to avoid the aforementioned scenario is to always check that the email is correctly addressed to the recipient. In addition, checking the senderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s email address carefully for authenticity could also reduce the propensity for responding to a falsified message. Finally, Apple, PayPal and many other Internet e-commerce sites will not ask you to verify or change any details regarding your passwords or financial information via email (Norton.com, 2015). If this advice is followed, it could significantly reduce the likelihood of damage and save the government millions in the form of compensation. In 2008 the Police Central E-Crime unit was established in an effort to counteract the rise in cyber crime in the UK. Over  £600 million pounds has been invested in developing systems to prevent and detect cyber crime alongside collaboration with other countries. A very serious culture has been generated; dealing with instances of cybercrime as a tier 1 threat that can be deemed to be terrorism or classified as a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"major incidentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ (BBC, 2010). However, it has been said that many systems in place are no longer advanced enough and are subsequently incapable of being effective. The police and the law often à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"lag behindà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ not necessarily being proactive but reactive in nature. It would seem that there is a real need for the arms of state to be strategically thinking of ways to counteract cybercrime. The judiciary, legislature and executive need to more effectively develop the sharing of information so as to reduce the propensity for cybercrime escalating. Another issue that perpetuates cyber crime is the difficulty in identifying where the original crime took place (KPMG International, 2011). This is further aggravated by the shortage of skilled à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"cyber crime fightersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ to detect and catch criminals at work (Parker, 1998). A possible solution to this could be for the government to channel some of their investment into training more individuals in this area (Dot-ie, 2010). However, it has to be said that the issue of cyber crime could arguably be a wider more economica lly driven problem. Due to levels of unemployment rising in many areas of the world, there has been a movement of talented individuals who have turned to à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"underground cyber crimeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ where financial information is sold over an untraceable site (Cabinet Office and Detica, 2011). Therefore, it would seem that governments need to address basic economical issues if they are to eradicate cyber crime. Heating up the economy through investment in the public sector as well as in private businesses could arguably result in more jobs and incentives being offered to those à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"talented individualsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ as opposed to them turning to illegal means of making a living. It is the age-old issue due to lack of adequate pay in public sector jobs many feel it is not lucrative enough for them to join the career. If the demand for highly skilled employees is evident this should be reflected in the remuneration. Perhaps this is where the disparity is a rising. Furthermore, it would seem that more could be done in educating people about the dangers of purchasing inauthentic products off the Internet. Downloading a pirated version as opposed to purchasing the real thing is another way cyber crime is growing. These types of programs do not contain adequate security systems but several viruses embedded within them. This makes individuals vulnerable to hacking as well as viruses damaging their systems. In 2009, the UK government introduced the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Cyber Security Strategyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ in an effort to help fight against the effects of cyber crime and to work in conjunction with other units to prevent the misuse of computers and the Internet. Once more, the Digital Britain Report highlighted the UK governmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s interest in making the Internet a safer place to trade. In 2008,  £48 billion pounds was made through online retail (House of Commons, 2013). Therefore, it is of vital importance that the UK government think of effective ways of reducing cyber crime during retail transactions. The issue of identity theft is also prevalent in relation to cyber crime. This is where criminals obtain sensitive information usually to gain access to financial data. As stated by the Home Office within the first à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"6 months of 2009 there was 43% more victims of impersonators; a 74% increaseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ from the year before (Home Office, 2010, pg. 13). This is another example of where individuals and their rights to private life are affected, causing them to be victims of fraud. This in turn lowers consumer confidence in e-commerce; a potentially dangerous and damaging occurrence that could affect the health of the UK economy. Having a strong response to these crimes, collaborating with international partners and working with businesses in terms of making their sites and products more resilient to cyber crime is another strategy that can be adopted by government (Home Off ice, 2010). Moreover, the increase in child abuse often in the form of grooming or pornography over the Internet is another issue reported on as well as defamation and racial hatred sites. The Home Office pledge to counteract the upsurge in this type of crime by à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"creating a hostile environmentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ whereby specialist units and the incorporation of legislation such as the Criminal Justice and Immigration Act (2008), Sexual Offences Act (2003), Terrorism Act (2006), Race Relations Act (2000) and The Protection From Harassment Act (1997) serve as a safeguard and enables a quick response in detecting and destroying situations where these offences can arise. Overall, it is apparent that many things could be done to try and reduce the risk of cyber crime in the UK and internationally. Although technological advancement is pivotal to our progression and survival it would seem it comes at a real cost if it gets into the wrong hands. Ensuring that people are educated and warned against the dangers of responding to emails from unknown senders, more high quality training and incentives are provided to counteract the current uprising wave in cyber crime and finally, legislation is proactive and forward thinking so as to create a blanket of safeguards is vital if the UK are to fight against cyber crime and its devastating effects. In 2015, the government passed the Bill for the Serious Crimes Act 2015 which further amends and strengthens The Computer Misuse Act 1990. It is now an offence to perform unauthorized acts that cause serious damage. Hopefully, the judiciary in conjunction with Parliament and The Cabinet will continue to develop a system that is not just à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"reasonably equippedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Bainbridge (2004, pg. 359) but strongly resilient so as to protect individuals, businesses and the UKà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s safety. References: Academic Books: Bainbridge, D., (2004) An Introduction to Computer Law, 5th edi tion, London Pearson Education McQuade, S., Colt, J., Meyer, N., (2009) Cyber bullying: protecting kids and adults from online bullies, Conneticut:London, Praeger Parker, D.B (1998) Fighting Computer Crime: A New Framework for protecting information, London, Wiley Prasad, R., (2004) Cyber Crime: Combat Strategies, Hyderabad, ICFAI University Press Wold, G., Shriver, R., (1990) Computer Crime: techniques, prevention and detecting crime in financial institutions, London, McGraw Hill Websites BBC News (2010) UK cyber security plans à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"essentialà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ for strong defence https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-11566145 Accessed March 20th 2015 BBC News (2014) Apple à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Celebrity photos targeted by hackersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-29032705 Accessed March 20th 2015 BBC News (2015) The worldwide crime web https://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/uk/2001/life_of_crime/cybercrime.stm Accessed April 22nd 2015 Cabinet Office and Detica (2011) The Cost of Cyber Crime https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/60942/THE-COST-OF-CYBER-CRIME-SUMMARY-FINAL.pdf Accessed March 23rd 2015 Dot-ie (2010) Interpol Boss warns of cybercrime skills shortage https://www.dot-ie.com/tag/attack/ Accessed March 23rd 2015 FT.com (2011) Threat of mobile cyber crime on the increase https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/5a4ed514-32e5-11e0-9a61-00144feabdc0.html#axzz3Z9fHdpDD Accessed April 20th 2015 Home Office (2010) Cyber Crime Strategy https://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201314/cmselect/cmhaff/70/7004.htm#n1 Accessed April 10th 2015 House of Commons (2013) https://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201314/cmselect/cmhaff/70/7004.htm#n1 Accessed April 2nd 2015 KPMG International (2011) Cybercrime a growing challenge for governments https://www.kpmg.com/Global/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/Doc uments/cyber-crime.pdf Accessed March 20th 2015 Norton.com (2015) 7 tips to protect against phishing https://uk.norton.com/7-tips-to-protect-against-phishing/article Accessed March 20th 2015 Legislation Computer Misuse Act 1990 Protection From Harassment Act 1997 Race Relations Act 2000 Sexual Offences Act 2003 Police and Justice Act 2006 Terrorism Act 2006 Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 The Bill for Serious Crimes Act 2015

Assessment Essay - 6407 Words

1. What are the functions, concepts and principles of assessment in learning and development? (1.1, 1.2) The function of assessment is a way to measure a learner’s competence against agreed standards and criteria. The awarding body of the particular qualification will have an assessment strategy what will state which criteria needs to be met to complete the mandatory and optional units and the best method for acquiring the evidence. A range of methods will be used to judge whether a candidate has demonstrated the skills, knowledge and understanding to be competent against the criteria. The assessor will need to ask themselves if the assessment process when put into practice will be: Fair – the given activities during†¦show more content†¦At this stage the candidate will either plan to be reassessed or progress onto the next assessment. The assessor will be responsible to the organisation, occupational standards and awarding organisation when planning, managing and delivering assessment and must maintain good practice and follow legislation throughout to maintain the integrity of the qualification. 3. Explain the regulations and requirements relevant to assessment in own area of practice(1.4, 3.4, 3.5, 8.1) The assessor will be required to follow a range of policies and practises set by the regulatory bodies of standards, for example, Ofqual, Sector skills council, Institute of learning. Other regulations such as, health and safety, equality and diversity, data protection, risk assessment, etc will be discussed below. It is the responsibility of the assessor to ensure that the above are carried out during the assessment process. For example, the assessor must abide by the health and safety rules of the candidates work place and report any unsafe practice or dangerous equipment. The need of wearing protective clothing and safety shoes may be required. The assessor or internal verifier must only intervene with an assessment is if the health and safety is placing someone in danger. Under the management of health and safety at work regulation 1999, the assessor mustShow MoreRelatedThe Assessment Of An Assessment1340 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The assessment process is one that an educator often contemplates while planning a curriculum, implementing instruction, and after the assessment. Creating an assessment that helps students continue their learning should be the main goal. One way to help foster an assessment environment of continuous learning is to provide students with authentic assessments that they play an active role in. 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Othello †How it Ranks Essay - 2151 Words

Othello – How it Ranks In the context of thousands of plays written by hundreds of dramatists since 500 years prior to the time of Christ, how does William Shakespeare’s play Othello rank? In this essay let us find the proper place for this play, and consider critical opinion in the process. Othello would appear to have a beauty about it which is hard to match – thus ranking high. Helen Gardner in â€Å"Othello: A Tragedy of Beauty and Fortune† touches on this beauty which enables this play to stand above the other tragedies of the Bard: Among the tragedies of Shakespeare Othello is supreme in one quality: beauty. Much of its poetry, in imagery, perfection of phrase, and steadiness of rhythm, soaring yet firm,†¦show more content†¦Robert B. Heilman says in â€Å"The Role We Give Shakespeare†: If we use the word â€Å"support,† however, we do name a way in which Shakespeare serves. It is the way of venerable texts whose authenticity has impressed itself on the human imagination: he has said many things in what seems an ultimate form, and he is a fountainhead of quotation and universal center of allusion. â€Å"A rose by any other name† comes to the mouth as readily as â€Å"Pride goeth before a fall,† and seems no less wise. A quotable line is one that has shed its context and taken on independent life. Very significantly, Shakespeare scenes and character relationships have also taken on independent life and have provided basic formulations upon which other writers rely. (24-25). Francis Ferguson in â€Å"Two Worldviews Echo Each Other† ranks the play Othello quite high among the Bard’s tragedies: Othello, written in 1604, is one of the masterpieces of Shakespeare’s â€Å"tragic period.† In splendor of language, and in the sheer power of the story, it belongs with the greatest. But some of its admirers find it too savage. . . .(131) The Bard’s presentation of emotions, character, of good and evil actions that are down-to-earth – these are sometimes seen as the main reasons for the high ranking of Othello. Louis B. Wright and Virginia A. LaMar in â€Å"The Engaging Qualities of Othello† maintain that the popularity of this play has been consistent for about 400 years and they tellShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Othello And George Orwell s Animal Farm1357 Words   |  6 Pageswhich leads them to commit drastic deeds. One can use this to persuade people to do things for their own benefit. In William Shakespeare s Othello and George Orwell s Animal Farm, the main characters, Iago and Napoleon, manipulate others to achieve their personal goals. Napoleon and Iago manipulate their peers’ trust, their friendships, and abuse their ranks to reach their goals. 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Iago, w hich is Othello’s ensign, shows deception and disrespect, averring that â€Å"I follow him to serve my turn upon him†, ensuring Roderigo that he has no loyalty to Othello and everythingRead MoreTheme Of Monstrous Jealousy In William Shakespeares Othello1271 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s â€Å"Othello†, illustrates four of themes in the play. One of the themes is extreme jealousy can make a person act like a monster. In the play, Shakespeare uses Othello, Roderigo, and Iago to prove the theme of Monstrous Jealousy by Othello slapping Desdemona in front of the Public of Venusians calling her cruel names and Developing evil schemes to kill Desdemona at night. Iago tells the lie to Othello about Cassio and Desdemona to and convincing Othello to believe in it. RoderigoRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Othello, The Moor Of Venice1216 Words   |  5 Pages William Shakespeare’s famous tragedy â€Å"Othello, the Moor of Venice† is one of the best tragedies in the literary history. 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Alcoholic Beverages Advertising Prohibition †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Alcoholic Beverages Advertising Prohibition. Answer: Introduction: This is evident that Alcohol is one of the significant products that are promoted immensely in the entire world. There are number of researchers, doctors, and social workers who claim that alcohol promoting advertisements play a major role in contributing to normalize the use of alcohol and support the destructive culture of drinking in Australia. Name of the Client: Australian Association of National Advertisers has been chosen as the preferable client in this report. Background of the Client: This is to be stated that Australian Association of National Advertisers (AANA) can be recognized as the domestic body for the dedicated advertisers of Sydney(Waller et al. 2014). This is evident that AANA epitomizes the motivations of the companies who work in collaboration in the world of Australiaspromotion beverage industryadvertisingmass media industry. This can be stated that AANA organizes a significant chain that forecasts the renowned speakers of UK dedicated in the unit of The Marketing Academy Australia Leaders Program. Discussion: This is to be stated that AANA would like to highlight the responsible drinking campaign against the Alcoholic Beverages Advertising Prohibition by Government. According to the Government advertisement of alcohol encourage violence, forceful activities and crime. Government has stated that fact that these sort of promotional activities also encourage teenage people to drink out of curiosity. It is evident that an immature teenagers cannot handle drinking. They do not what amount of dinking is safe and what not. They are also not aware of the fact that how to balance body, mind and activities after consuming alcohol. Therefore, it can be said that teenagers get into criminal activities. This is to be noted that teenagers do not manage enough money to buy alcohol. Therefore, it is a common incident that they get involved in illegal activities to earn hefty amount of money. However, AANA do not support excessive drinking or criminal activities after drinking alcohol or teenage drinking. They are significantly highlight the fact that the advertisement of alcoholic beverages do not inspire people to commit crime. These advertisements do not encourage teenage drinking. According to AANA, the alcohol shops should take the responsibility to check the age prove before selling alcohol. It is to be noted that this is to be stated that the advertisements are meant to be reviewed by Australian Association of National Advertisers minutely (Anthony 2013). AANA is also ready to take the responsibility of examining every possible alcoholic promotional before execution. They have raised the fact that the promotional activities of alcohol are meant to highlight the element of leisure and relaxation. The advertising always shows or talks about a matured person who consumes a proper amount of alcohol to relax after a hectic work schedule. These sort of advertisement do not inspire people to consume excessive amount of alcohol. They also do not encourage any sort of violent or desperate act after drinking. These advertisement always come with significant alerts like Do not drink and drive. It is evident that no advertisement of alcohol show teenager drinking. AANA is also ready to take the responsibility of promoting the alerting messages like teenage drinking is illegal or da ngerous along with the promotional activities of alcoholic beverages. This can be said that alcohol is one of the best-selling products that manage to earn a large amount of revenue. It is evident that a significant amount of that revenue are being used in social and charitable activities. Therefore, it will not be a fair decision of government to restrict the path of income and contribution for sure. The world of promotion of alcoholic beverages: This is to be stated that the alcohol advertisements are the significant promotional tools used by the producers and dealers of alcoholic beverages through the multiple media. This is clearly evident that the promotion of alcoholic beverages play a major role in generating huge amount of revenue along with the significanttobacco advertising. Therefore, this sort of promotion can be seen as the most regulated form of promotion for obvious reasons. This is to be noted there are significant countries where the promotion of alcohol is completely banned even after earning specific revenue. This is to be mentioned that there is a significant and import study by J.P. Nelson regarding alcohol advertising which came to notice in the year 2000 ( Matumba 2015). There is significant scientific study, wellbeing organizations and universities have established an association in significant alcohol beverage advertising and the increasing rate of alcohol consumption (Neufeld 2013). This is also being said that the use of erotica in the advertisements of alcohol inspire the youths to get involved in multiple crimes. Therefore, the New South Wales State government has initiated an investigation into the prevention of alcoholic beverages promotions (Sacks et al. 2013). This is evident that the suggested law has an object to inspire a perfect healthy lifestyle by banning the significant advertisements. However, this is clearly evident that they are unable to make advertising directly responsible for the consumption. This can be said that the advertisements reflect the major mass demand. It is clearly evident that important alcohol campaigns are effective to increase the significant market share for producers along with the specific brand loyalty. The historical background of the preventing the alcohol promotion: This is to be stated that the World Health Organization(WHO) has indicated that the significant promotion of liquor requires to be controlled (Sallis 2015). This is to be noted WHO implemented an outline in order to adopt a specific Alcohol policy for the State in the year 2005 (Malik 2013). It can be said that this policy includes five specific ethical principles which also includes the right for every child is to grow up in a healthy environment secured from the pessimistic circumstances and consequences of excessive alcohol consumption. This is evident that international television advertisements in European Unionwas formerly operated by the Television without Boundaries Directive set in 1989 (Vlassis 2017). This can be said that the synchronizationamount planned to eliminate boundaries to global trade as the major part of the businessshared market. It is to be mentioned that this may not be designed definitely at adolescents or, in specific, portray the teenagers drinking these a lcoholic beverages. It should not relate the significant consumption of particular alcohol to improved physical activity or to driving, to be precise. Dedicated people need to be conscious that the advertisements should not generate the impact that the drinking of alcohol contributes a significant amount to social or sexual success. This is to be noted that it might be a serious issue of concern if significant advertisements promote that alcohol has healing potentials or that it is an intoxicant, a tranquillizer or a resource of solving personal struggles. The ads should not inspire excessive consumption of significant alcohol or current self-denial or restraint in a harmful light. It should not put prominence on excessive alcoholic idea as being a constructive quality of the specific beverages. This is to be stated that the prevention of promotion of alcohol is applied in every individual EU country essentially through the self-operative governing bodies conducting with advertising. This is evident that EU regulation 'TV without Frontiers' Instruction has successively been prolonged to cover the specific new media modules like significant digital television. It is to be stated that the 'Audiovisual Media Services Directive' focus on the requirements related limitation on alcohol promotion (Bruijn et al. 2016). It is evident that every sort of alcohol promotion is banned in significant countries like Norway, France,Russia,Myanmar,Ukraine, Kenya and Sri Lanka. Responsible drinking campaigns This is to be noted that there are multiple drinking campaigns that can be termed as responsible campaigns. These sort of campaigns or promotion help in preventing the growth of alcoholism, juvenile drinking andrush and drunk driving. This is to be mentioned thatPortman Groupa company of important drinks producers in UK are taking all the responsibility of such inspiring campaigns. This is evident that these advertisements highlight the importance of responsible drinking and significance of the age proves for buying alcohol. These sorts of advertisement come under the popular and significantDrink Awarecampaign (Knai et al. 2015). This campaignhas an objective of educating people regarding how to drink reasonably and how to avoidexcessive drinking. This is also to be stated that there is a displayed web site address as the prominent part of all of the significant advertisements for specific products made by the dedicated members of the association. This can be stated that the Century Council, monetarily supported by an association of alcoholic beverage manufacturers of UK promotes is aim to make the appropriate decision about drinking or non-drinking and to act for decreasing different forms of immature consumption. This is evident that this organization has already invested 175 million dollars in order to promote safe and sober drinking (Schiavoni 2016) This is to be stated that multiple promotional campaigns by the dedicated alcoholic beverage industry that sponsor accountable drinking for specific leisure purposes play a major role as the encouraging activity and support this specific idea as an appropriate example of mature consumption. This can be said that the individual who thinks alcohol cannot ever simultaneously be utilized reasonably, occasionally and recreationally would noticeably differ from the idea of these campaigns. Action plan This is to be stated that AANA has made an action plan followed by an outline for Australias advertising conduct, comprised with regulatory, co-regulatory and self-regulatory methods.This can be said the self-regulation method of promotion, comprising alcohol promotion, is essentially commenced through a large range of significant industry codes of training; most of these codes are conditioned on the basis of a mutual global foundation. It is evident that criticisms regarding the idea of alcohol promotion is regulated chiefly by the significant Alcohol Beverages Advertising (and Packaging) Code (ABAC) but issues regarding the idea related to substances of taste and affability are distinctly and concomitantly renowned deliberated by the Advertising Standards Bureau (ASB). This to be noted that the limited operation regarding the situation of specific alcohol promotion. It can be said that the placement can be limited in the significant Childrens Television Standards of the Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA) and in the Commercial Television Industry Code of Practice (CTICP), a collaborative business code recorded by ACMA. The major objective of Australias regulatory operations, co-regulatory operations and self-regulatory outline is basically to guard youngsters and teenagers from the acquaintance to inappropriate content like alcohol promotion (Ford 2014). Conclusion: It is to be concluded that a business proposal has been structured to analyze issue of the Alcoholic Beverages Advertising Prohibition. It is to be mentioned that a counter argument has also been placed in order to show that why these sorts of promotion should not be banned. There are number of people making these advertisements responsible for the rise of alcoholic consumption. However, this can be said as the outcome of the above discussion that there is no direct allegation found against alcoholic beverages promotion. This is to be stated that alcoholic beverages promotions play a major role to generate a significant amount of revenue. This is to be mentioned that these revenues used in significantly in the sports, social and entertainment activities as well. Therefore, it can be said that alcoholic beverages promotions are of no harm as long as it is maintaining the code of responsible and sensible drinking. References Anthony, T. and Blagg, H., 2013. STOP in the name of whos law? Driving and the regulation of contested space in central Australia.Social Legal Studies,22(1), pp.43-66. Bruijn, A., Tanghe, J., Leeuw, R., Engels, R., Anderson, P., Beccaria, F., Bujalski, M., Celata, C., Gosselt, J., Schreckenberg, D. and S?odownik, L., 2016. European longitudinal study on the relationship between adolescents alcohol marketing exposure and alcohol use.Addiction,111(10), pp.1774-1783. Ford, J.A., Steen, J. and Verreynne, M.L., 2014. How environmental regulations affect innovation in the Australian oil and gas industry: going beyond the Porter Hypothesis.Journal of Cleaner Production,84, pp.204-213. Knai, C., Petticrew, M., Durand, M.A., Eastmure, E. and Mays, N., 2015. Are the Public Health Responsibility Deal alcohol pledges likely to improve public health? An evidence synthesis.Addiction,110(8), pp.1232-1246. Malik, V.S., Willett, W.C. and Hu, F.B., 2013. Global obesity: trends, risk factors and policy implications.Nature Reviews Endocrinology,9(1), p.13. Matumba, C. and Mondliwa, P., 2015. Barriers to entry for black industrialists-the case of Soweto Gold's entry into beer. Neufeld, M. and Rehm, J., 2013. Alcohol consumption and mortality in Russia since 2000: are there any changes following the alcohol policy changes starting in 2006?.Alcohol and Alcoholism,48(2), pp.222-230. Sacks, G., Swinburn, B., Kraak, V., Downs, S., Walker, C., Barquera, S., Friel, S., Hawkes, C., Kelly, B., Kumanyika, S. and L'abb, M., 2013. A proposed approach to monitor private?sector policies and practices related to food environments, obesity and non?communicable disease prevention.obesity reviews,14(S1), pp.38-48. Sallis, J.F., Owen, N. and Fisher, E., 2015. Ecological models of health behavior.Health behavior: Theory, research, and practice,5, pp.43-64. Schiavoni, C.M., Tramel, S. and Mongula, B., 2016. Alternative agricultural investment by and for small-scale food providers in Tanzania: A Right to Food Food Sovereignty Perspective. Vlassis, A., 2017. The review of the Audiovisual Media Services Directive.Politique europenne, (2), pp.102-123. Waller, D.S., Freeman, L.M., Hambusch, G., Waite, K., Neil, J. and Wray-Bliss, E., 2014. Embedding Ethics in the Business Curriculum: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach.Journal of Business Ethics Education,11, pp.239-259.

Media Issues and Their Impact on the Audience

Mass communication involves the transfer of information to a large number of people through various types of media such as internet, television, and newspapers. The concept of mass communication is based on the idea of information exchange from one person to another. The media greatly influences the way people undertake their day to day commitments (Baran and Davis 35).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Media Issues and Their Impact on the Audience specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The relationship between the media and the audience seems to be influenced by the changes that occur in the former. The emergence of digital media is the main change that appears to shift the balance between the media and the audience (Dewdney and Ride 253). It is evident that the media serves a crucial role in the society and the changes that occur in it have a great impact on the audience. The mass media, in particular, is seen as a gro up of media organizations. The media organizations are known for their ability to send mediated information through various channels, mainly television and radio. The information sent through mass communication is organized according to the mass media industries such as books and newspapers. The information sent through mass communication also must conform to subsidiary industries that carry out public relations and advertisement practices. This is one of the facts that affect the balance of the power, which resides in the relationship between the media and the audience (Baran and Davis 262). The mass media platforms also affect the society through many ways. Their limited number and vastness of the available mass media imply that just a few individuals can make decisions on the kind of content that is transmitted through mainstream media. Since the information is meant for a large population, it should not be regulated by just a handful of people. In addition, the fact that the inf ormation is produced in a large-scale implies that such information can have mass persuasion on its audience. Although mass production and mass persuasion can be used by a company to control market trends such as competition in a particular industry, it is used by a few organizations to create monopolies in certain sectors (Chaffee and Metzger 366). The vulnerability of the audience is considered one of the main issues that result from the inability to regulate media institutions effectively. The problem seems to be worsened by the emergence of industrialization. The audiences, especially those of the mass media, do not have the power to resist the kind of information that is dispensed by media messages.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The audiences of mass media are considered dependent and powerless. It is believed that mass media is likely to continue exploiting the aud iences since they do not have an alternative source where they can obtain the information they need (Chaffee and Metzger 366). Mass communication also influences the audience through obtrusion. Mass media, such as television and radio, are unprecedented and conspicuous. This problem emanates from the pervasive effect of broadcast media. The fact that broadcast media reaches audiences right in their homes makes it difficult for them to control the consequences it has on them. The content shown through mass media, especially the one that consists of violent and obscene scenes significantly affects the morality and safety of the audiences (Chaffee and Metzger 367). The end of mass media instigated the emergence of a number of new developments in the field. One of these new developments is the digital media, which has brought a lot of changes in the field of communication. The changes brought by digital media assist the audiences to free themselves from the entanglement that the mass me dia has brought them (Baran and Davis 361). One of the main changes that have been brought by digital media is faster speed in sending information from one point to another. Before the emergence of digital media, companies mostly passed their information to the intended audience through print media, which took a lot of time to get delivered. Currently, companies can disseminate the information they deem important and urgent through social media, emails, internet ads, or their websites, which are extremely faster compared to print media (Dewdney and Ride 255). The use of digital media also assists the audience to have full control over what they do with it. Digital media provides audiences with numerous options from which they can choose from. Unlike in the past when audiences could only use one form of media at a go, they can now effectively create and use a combination of several forms including interactive, visual and audio platforms. Such a combination helps the audiences to use the media in a way that is beneficial to them (Dewdney and Ride 256). The issues that are seen in the media, especially in the digital type, as addressed in Chaffee’s and Metzger’s article can be compared to what was outlined in the story of the Obama Hope campaign poster.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Media Issues and Their Impact on the Audience specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Both the story of the poster and the one narrated in Chaffee and Metzger magazine article reinforce the fact that digital media, which marks the end of mass media, brings about the use of new and effective technology to create and promote communication. The new technology can be used to create media that in turn can be useful in expanding businesses as well as the economy (Chaffee and Metzger 372). Works Cited Baran, Stanley J., and Dennis K. Davis. Mass Communication Theory: Foundations, Ferment, and Future. 6th ed. Bel mont, CA: Wadsworth Pub., 1995. Print Chaffee, Steven H., and Miriam J. Metzger. â€Å"The End of Mass Communication?† Mass Communication Society 4.4 (2004): 365-379. Print. Dewdney, Andrew, and Peter Ride. The New Media Handbook. New York, NY: Routledge, 2006. Print. This essay on Media Issues and Their Impact on the Audience was written and submitted by user Joey Bray to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

History of Penicillin

History of Penicillin Free Online Research Papers Penicillin was discovered by a Scottish scientist Alexander Fleming in 1928.1 However, a man named Laureate Howard Walter Florey was the first to use it as a medicine. Fleming found that certain blue-green molds inhibited the growth of the bacteria Staphylococcus. Mold from a cantaloupe was found to have the best quality of penicillin mold. After this Fleming isolated the mold and saw that it was a Penicillin mold. Penicillin is found to be most effective against Gram-positive bacteria and not effective against Gram-negative organisms.1 Penicillin is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. The types of pathogens it can treat are Staphylococci, Streptococci, S. Pneumonia, or bacterial pneumonia, Bacillus anthracis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Treponema pallidium. Penicillin works against an enzyme called Transpeptidase, which aids in the formation of the cell walls in bacteria.3 Transpeptidase links amino acids into peptide chains that are part of the bacterial cell wall. When penicillin is taken it blocks the action of Transpeptidase. This causes the wall of the cell to be very weak in places. As a result, the bacteria can no longer grow.3 There are quite a number of reactions that can occur from penicillin. They include: diarrhea, nausea, rash, hives, and sometimes seizures. Also, penicillin has been known to make birth control pills less effective, often causing pregnancy. The allergy to penicillin is the most reported medical allergy. However, only twenty percent of the patients who claim to be allergic to penicillin truly have an allergy. Most people don’t understand that Penicillin was discovered, not invented. Also, when it was first used people often overused penicillin which lead to numerous penicillin resistant strains of bacteria. This can also be caused by not finishing a prescription completely. Interestingly, there are about fifteen different types of penicillins, some are: Metampicillin, Broadcillin, Epicillin, telampicillin, and Sualcillin.2 Probably the most misunderstood thing it that it does not kill bacteria, it prevents the growth of it. Research Papers on History of PenicillinGenetic EngineeringArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Marketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use

IS Security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

IS Security - Essay Example Therefore, manufacturers have come up with security systems that protect the operating system and application from attackers, but this system do not ensure 100 percent security guarantee. However, those produced for operating system are proving more effective than those developed for application due to various factors addressed in this paper. This has made most people come to a conclusion that there is less attention to applications compared to the operating system, which is not the case. Why a good level of security is achieved in operating systems than applications The frequent patching and updating of operating system limits the chances of attackers from attacking the system. On the contrary, it appears that operating systems get more attention than applications. This section provides information on why there is a perception that operating systems have higher levels of security than applications. ... On2 the same note, other types of threats that should be considered are interceptions, modification, fabrication and interruptions, which are similar to the threats experienced in computer applications.2 Applications run on the operating systems. Therefore, it is easy for an attacker to use the application file or vulnerability to attack the operating system either through one application or by infecting other applications. This enables the user or system administrator to detect the attack before affecting the operating system, hence the misconception that security threats are more prevalent in applications than operating systems. One difference between operating system security issue and application is file permissions. An example of this is when an application misunderstands the semantics of an operating system file or totally omits a check. This problem does not occur in operating systems; this stems from the fact that any attempt to open a given file will prompt a permission chec k as the file permissions link to individual files.2 On the other hand, some operating systems mechanisms result to complex security issues for the applications used today. Operating systems are not flexible in offering support, resulting to a compromised security issue. An example of such operating system is that of UNIX, which violates some privileges by only supporting a two level privilege that includes root and user. To limit these 3limitations, it introduces â€Å"set user id†, â€Å"set group id† and â€Å"chroot (2)† that are particularly limiting and inadequate. These applications aim to become responsible for granting permissions, accepting requests, and managing resources, which

Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 219

Summary - Essay Example However, movies by Asian American are struggling to penetrate and segment the market. However, in comparison with the previous years, Asian American actors have made a remarkable improvement with several renowned films having attracted the attention of the moviegoers. The number of Asian characters in different movies that are being released into the market has also increased significantly. The increased level of globalization that has intensified the need for a diverse workforce and characters has opened up opportunities for these actors. Most of the Asian movies focus their attention on the local culture and the way people interact or deal with tough situation. In addition, they highlight significant activities such as marriage and vices in the society and how they affect individuals or a society at large. In addition, they enlighten people on current issues such as global terrorism. Therefore, the Asian and Asian American filmmakers are playing a significant role in complicating and enriching the changing dimension of the America on

Human abortion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Human abortion - Essay Example Recently there has been frequent talk in many states in opposition and in support of the abortion law. Abortion law some say is ethically incorrect as it takes away a life of a fetus which is growing inside a woman's womb in a sort abortion takes away a life while some say that abortion is right as they see the only way for eradicating any signs what a rape victim might hold to. The Roe Vs Wade case of 1973 is not for off from fortifying the fact that abortion is real and deadly issue which engulfs American cause of freedom. Roe v. Wade, (1973), was a landmark US supreme court case establishing that most laws against abortion violates the constitutional right to privacy, overturning all laws outlawing or restricting abortion. It is one of the most controversial decisions in U.S. Supreme Court history. The decision in Roe v. Wade prompted a decades-long national debate over whether terminating pregnancies should be legal (or more precisely, whether a state can deem the act illegal if it chooses to do so); the role of the Supreme Court in constitutional adjudication; and the role of religion in the political sphere. Roe v. Wade became one of the most politically significant Supreme Court decisions in history, reshaping national politics, dividing the nation into supporters and rival camps, and inspiring activism. Opposition to Roe comes prima... quality and personal freedom, and those who believe in the privacy of individual over collective rights, although the opposition to Roe often reference the privacy of the individual when referring to the unborn child. The case originated in Texas in March 1970 at the behest of Linda Coffee and Sarah Weddington, both young attorneys from central Texas. "Jane Roe and Richard Roe", a standard alias for anonymous plaintiffs, was used to protect Norma McCorvey's identity. After the initial lawsuit was filed, the case was expanded to include several other parties, including: James Hubert Hallford, a licensed physician who had been arrested for violations of the Texas abortion statutes; "John and Mary Doe," aliases for a married couple whose doctor had advised against pregnancy. At the time of the case, McCorvey claimed that she had become pregnant by rape. She has claimed and rescinded her support for the Supreme Court decision. During the case, Weddington kept private the fact that McCorvey had been raped. The law stated that having or trying to perform an abortion is a crime, except by "medical advice for the purpose of saving the life of the mother." The suit claimed that the laws were unconstitutionally vague and omitted the rights guaranteed to pregnant women by the First,Fourth,Fifth,Ninth, Fourteenth Amendments. In Dallas County, Texas the district attorney Henry Wade was the defendant in the case. A three-judge district court ruled for "Jane Roe", but refused to grant against the enforcement of the laws. Both "Jane Roe" and defendant Wade appealed to the Supreme Court and the case was argued there by Weddington and Texas assistant attorney general Jay Floyd on December 13, 1971. Burger proposed that the case be put over for reargument, and the justices, unimpressed

Making Moral Decisions: The Synergistic-Reflective-Equilibrium Model :: Philosophy

Making Moral Decisions: The Synergistic-Reflective-Equilibrium Model ABSTRACT: This treatise is a contribution towards the understanding of why humankind cannot agree on the foundation of morality and why moral pluralism is the logical constitution of moral reality. The synergistic-reflective-equilibrium model is the model that will describe how persons can make moral decisions as pluralistic agents. If this model is correct, then it will not be a new discovery, rather, it will be a new description of how pluralistic agents do in fact make moral decisions. This synergistic-reflective-equilibrium description should then be useful not only in giving a fuller understanding of how moral decisions ought to be made, but also how moral philosophy can be united into a pluralistic collective whole. The first part of this paper defines the synergistic-reflective-equilibrium mode. It briefly explains how it is a combination of both the theory model of moral decision-making and the intuition model of moral decision-making. The second part of this paper defines mi d-level principles and explains how they are a natural development of the synergistic-reflective-equilibrium method. It will then be shown that both Mill and Kant used this method in their own moral theories. Lastly, it will be shown how "weighing and balancing" and "specification" are integral components in this model and were also practiced by Mill and Kant in their moral systems. Introduction This treatise is a contribution towards the understanding of why humankind cannot agree on the foundation of morality and why moral pluralism is the logical constitution of moral reality. The synergistic-reflective-equilibrium model is the model that will describe how persons can make moral decisions as pluralistic agents. If this model is correct, then it will not be a new discovery, rather, it will be a new description of how pluralistic agents do in fact make moral decisions. This synergistic-reflective-equilibrium description should then be useful not only in giving a fuller understanding of how moral decisions ought to be made, but also how moral philosophy can be united into a pluralistic collective whole. I. The Synergistic-Reflective-Equilibrium Model The synergistic-reflective-equilibrium model is the position in which the justification of what is right or wrong is done by using neither a pure theory model, nor a pure intuition model. The synergistic-reflective-equilibrium model is a back-and-forth process—starting with particulars and going to the general and back to the particulars and so on and so forth. This is a constant process that never really comes to closure as new decisions are constantly having to be made.

Phases of Tragedy in Blood Diamond †the Movie Essay

Complete innocence describes the hero to be dignified, because of their innocence. Their pride and strength is overpowered by something they cannot control. In the movie Blood Diamond, Soloman walks his son to school. Showing a typical, I deal way to show complete innocence. Also showing a perfect father/son relationship before all the rebels came. With this scene showing a father and his son sharing a joke on the way to school it is shown to be innocent fun, which is a perfect example of complete innocence at the beginning of the movie. When young and innocent people first encounter realities of adulthood it is known as inexperience. A central character will live so the action closes with an adjustment to mature experience. In the movie when Danny was young he was brought up believing that the war was just about fighting against communism. As you can see in the movie, Danny has now discovered the conflict diamonds are the reason for the war. When Danny tries to smuggle diamonds, and goes to see his friend at a vineyard it shows that he has learned and has mature experience. Continuing through the stages of tragedy we see a completion of an ideal. Despite a tragic end because of the successful victory, a sense of peace is shown after the hero’s death because of a final accomplishment. Ain the final scene with Danny you see that Soloman reunited with his son. Danny knew he would die, so he made amends by calling Maddie, and giving Soloman the diamond that he worked so hard to get. Even though Danny died some peace was restored and Soloman and Maddie gave him the credit he deserved when Maddie wrote her article. Even though our hero can complete his quests, he/she has their own faults. From innocence to experience throughout stories we see our hero’s fault, but by the time they realize their faults it is too late to change. Danny knew that diamond smuggling was illegal and also wrong, but he did it anyways. In the end Danny gets shot and is in extreme pain. He only then realizes that it was all because of him contributing in the diamond smuggling. Danny did manage to regain some loyalty when he handed Soloman the diamond and told Soloman and his son to leave him there to die, so that they could escape with the diamond together. The natural law, known as fate, also takes a toll on heroes. Overshadowing the heroes/heroines and allowing the audience to look down on the action. When Soloman was at the fence there were so many people that the chance of seeing his family was slim to none. Fate clearly took part when he happened to see his family on the other side of the fence. Fate was showing Soloman that his family was still alive, so he could still try to save them. To make the audience even more sympathetic we enter a world of shock and horror. Our hero receives punishment or torture, possibly humiliation, so deep they cannot achieve a heroic pose. At the start of the movie Soloman’s village was torn to pieces. Others in the village were shot or had their hands cut off. The young boys were taken to the mines. Unnecessary torture was demonstrated to his village which was truly a world of shock and horror.

The Militarization Of American Police Departments - 884 Words

I chose to do this second paper on the militarization of American police departments. This will lend to the thesis Greg and I intend to submit for our final presentation – so we are beginning our research now. As discussed in class, the militarization of police departments is leading American police departments – city or small towns – to act like occupational forces. This is due to several different factors ranging from the availability of weaponry and tanks, to the training of the police departments, to the accessibility of locating crime by advanced surveillance and tracking systems. To further our exploration, Greg and I chose two episodes of the HBO show Vice to watch and elaborate on. For our final presentation we will incorporate these as well as a book Greg has read and some interesting research we will find online. Not only is the militarization of police departments a controversial subject, the consequences of such a transition of our police is det rimental to many. The episode of Vice, and something we are all aware of and have discussed extensively in our courses, reference that the consequences are felt far more severely on the African American population and in low income areas. The two episodes of vice interview several different people about the effects this has on them individually and their communities. These effects, in turn, lead to lack of faith in law enforcement. The first episode of Vice is titled â€Å"Surveillance City† and takes place isShow MoreRelatedAdvantages Of Police Militarization712 Words   |  3 PagesThis paper provides an overview on how the police militarization in the New York City under the New York Police Department in affecting the culture of both police and people living the city. The paper further discusses the benefits and issues arising from police militarization. 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